Question answers i.e. the solutions of the Class 10 geography chapter ‘Water Resources’ are given here. For more study materials on ‘Water Resources’ click here for notes and extra important questions for exam preparation.
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Water Resources NCERT Solutions
Q. 1. Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture, where a single crop is grown
on a large area?
(a) Shifting Agriculture
(b) Plantation Agriculture
(c) Horticulture
(d) Intensive Agriculture
Ans. (b) Plantation Agriculture
(ii) Which one of the following is a rabi crop?
(a) Rice
(b) Gram
(c) Millets
(d) Cotton
Ans. (b) Gram
(iii) Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?
(a) Pulses
(b) Jowar
(c) Millets
(d) Sesamum
Ans. (a) Pulses
(iv) Which one of the following is announced by the government in support of a crop?
(a) Maximum support price
(b) Minimum support price
(c) Moderate support price
(d) Influential support price
Ans. (b) Minimum support price
Q. 2. Answer the following questions in 30 words.
(i) Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required for its growth.
Ans. Tea is considered as an important beverage crop. The tea plant requires tropical or sub-tropical climate and deep and fertile well-drained soil to grow, which is also rich in organic matter and humus.
(ii) Name one staple crop of India and the regions where it is produced.
Ans. Rice is a staple food crop of India. It grows in the plains of north and north-east India, coastal areas and the deltaic regions.
(iii) Enlist the various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in the interest of farmers.
Ans. ‘Minimum Support Policy’, ‘provision for crop insurance’, ‘subsidy’ on agricultural inputs and resources such as power and fertilisers, ‘Grameen banks’, ‘Kissan Credit Cards’ and ‘Personal Accident insurance scheme’ are some of the various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in the interest of farmers.
(iv) The land under cultivation has got reduced day by day. Can you imagine its consequences?
Ans. An increase in population paired with declining area of land under cultivation could lead to serious food grain shortages. This would result in increase in the imports of food grains, which would cause the economy to reel under huge debts.
Q. 3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agriculture production.
Ans. Some of the initiatives taken by the government to ensure the increase in agriculture production are:
(i) The Green and White revolution which aimed at improving Indian agriculture productivity.
(ii) To ensure increase in agriculture production, the government prioritised collectivisation, consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of zamindari system.
(iii) Land reform was the main focus of the First Five Year Plans.
(iv) There were other benefits introduced for the farmers like –
- The government of India embarked upon introducing agricultural reforms to improve Indian agriculture in the 1960’s and 1970’s.
- The green Revolution based on the use of package technology and the white Revolution (operation flood) were some of the strategies initiated to improve the lot of Indian agriculture.
- In 1980’s and 1990’s, a comprehensive land development programme was initiated, which included both institutional and technical reforms.
- Provision for crops insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, fire and disease.
- Establishment of Grameen banks, cooperative societies and banks for providing loan facilities to the farmers at lower rate of interest were some important steps in this direction.
- Kissan Credit Card (KCC), Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS) are some other schemes introduced by the government of India for the benefit of farmers.
- Special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers were introduced.
- The government also announced minimum support price, remunerative and procurement prices for important crops to check the exploitation of farmers by speculators and middle men.
(ii) Describe the impact of globalisation on Indian agriculture.
Ans. The impact of globalisation in India could be traced back to colonial times. There were two main important export items from India – raw cotton and spices. There was a revolt in 1917 by the Indian farmers in Champaran as they were forced to grow indigo in place of food grains in order to supply ‘dye’ to Britain’s flourishing textile industry.
Hence, globalisation has had its blessings and curses for Indian agriculture. Though the situation changed for the Indian farmers post liberalisation, they faced new challenges in the form of competition from highly subsidised agriculture of developed nations.
(iii) Describe the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice.
Ans.
(i) Rice is a Kharif crop which is grown in the north and north eastern plains, coastal areas and deltaic regions of India.
(ii) It needs high temperature (above 25°C) and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm.
(iii) It grows with the help of irrigation via canals and tube wells in the areas with less rainfall.
