Nazism and the Rise of Hitler Class 9 Extra Short Answer Type Questions

II. Short Answer Type Questions (3 Marks)

9. Give reasons for Hitler’s rise to power.
10. Describe the formation of the Nazi Party. [HOTS]
11. Discuss why Nazis became popular in Germany by 1930. [NCERT]
12. What were the impact of Hitler’s attack on Soviet Union in June 1941? [CBSE 2016]
13. How did Nazis demonstrate support for Hitler? [CBSE 2016]
14. Explain three reasons that led to the German invasion of Soviet Union. [CBSE 2015]

Answers

9. In 1923, Hitler marched to Berlin with his followers to capture power. He failed and was
   arrested for treason and later released. But during the Great Depression, Nazism became
   a mass movement. Germany had to face a great economic crisis after the First World War.
   During economic crisis the Nazi propaganda stirred hopes of a better future. By 1932, the
   Nazi Party had become the largest party and Hitler became the chancellor of Germany. He
   was a powerful orator and an able organiser.
10. Economic depression laid the foundation of Hitler’s rise to power. Hitler spent his
    young life in poverty. In the First World War, he joined the army and acted as a
    messenger in the front. The Treaty of Versailles and the defeat of Germany in the
    First World War made him furious and horrified. In 1919, he joined a small group
    called the German Workers’ Party and renamed it after taking over that party
    as the ‘National Socialist German Workers’ Party. Later this party came to be
    known as the ‘Nazi Party’.
11. (i) Germany was forced to sign the harsh and humiliating Treaty of Versailles, after
    defeat in the First World War. In this, it was made to accept the guilt for the war. The
    Germans felt disgraced and humiliated. Consequently, they were made to believe, by
    Hitler’s oratory, that he would restore Germany to its former glory.
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    (ii) The Communists, Socialists, Democrats, etc were not united. There were conflicts
    between them and the government became weak. In this circumstance, the Nazi Party
    got advantage and came to the power.
    (iii) Democracy in Germany was relatively new and weak. It did not appeal to the Germans.
    They wanted a party and a system that would re-establish the glory and prestige of
    Germany. Hence they were attracted to the Nazi Party.
12. (i) In this historic blunder Hitler exposed the German western front to British aerial
    bombing and the eastern front to the powerful Soviet Armies.
    (ii) The Soviet Red Army inflicted a crushing and humbling defeat on Germany at
    Stalingrad.
    (iii) The Soviet Red Army hounded out the retreating German soldiers until they reached
    Berlin, establishing Soviet hegemony over the entire Eastern Europe.
    [CBSE Marking Scheme 2016]
13. (i) The Nazis held massive rallies and public meetings to demonstrate the support for
    Hitler and instill the sense of unity among the people.
    (ii) The Red banners with the Swastika, the Nazi Salute and the ritualised rounds of
    applause after the speeches were all part of this spectacle of power.
    (iii) Nazi propaganda skilfully projected Hitler as a messiah, a saviour, as someone who
    had arrived to deliver people from their distress. [CBSE Marking Scheme 2016]
14. Reasons leading to the German invasion of Soviet Union were:
    (i) Hitler dreamt of settling the German with pure Aryan blood in the Asian Steppe region
    and of using the jews and Asians as slaves.
    (ii) He wanted to ensure food supplies for the Germans. The Germans and Russians had
    serious differences over the Balkan, where no clear line of demarcation had been
    worked out.
    (iii) Hitler wanted to eradicate communism. [CBSE Marking Scheme 2016]