Nazism and the Rise of Hitler Class 9 Extra Short Answer Type Questions

II. Short Answer Type Questions (3 Marks)

  1. How were schools in Nazi Germany ‘cleansed’ and ‘purified’?
  2. ‘In my state the mother is the most important citizen.’ Discuss this statement made by
    Hitler.
  3. Explain what role women had in Nazi society. Return to Chapter 1 on the French
    Revolution. Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting the role of women in the two
    periods. [HOTS]
  4. In what ways did the Nazi state seek to establish total control over its people?
  5. Explain why Nazi propaganda was effective in creating a hatred for Jews.
  6. Explain the following terms:
    (a) A Racial State (b) Propaganda (c) Jung Volk.

Answers

  1. (i) All schools were cleansed and purified.
    (ii) This meant that teachers who were Jews or seen as politically unreliable were dismissed.
    (iii) Children were segregated— Germans and Jews could not sit together or play together.
    (iv) Later on, the undesirable children—the Jews, the physically handicapped, gypsies —
    were thrown out of schools
  2. (i) Though Hitler said that in his state the mother is the most important citizen, it was
    not true.
    (ii) All mothers were not treated equally. Women who bore racially desirable children were
    rewarded, while those who bore racially undesirable children were punished.
    (iii) Women who bore ‘desirable’ children were entitled to privileges and rewards. They
    were given special treatment in hospitals and concessions in shops and on theatre
    tickets and railway fares.
  3. Women did not play an active role in the Nazi society. Hitler believed that a woman’s
    duty was to bear ‘racially pure’ children and to do her domestic duties. On the other hand,
    women played good role in the French Revolution. Many women led the suffrage movement
    to ensure voting rights for women. It can be said that while women played an active role
    in the French Revolution, they were the passive spectators in the Nazi society.
  4. Hitler felt that by teaching the Nazi ideology to children, a strong Nazi society could be
    established. In order to do so, schools were first ‘cleansed’ by removing Jew and other
    ‘undesirable’ teachers. Schools were converted into all-German school. Children were
    brainwashed with the Nazi ideology. There was a system of taking adolescents into the
    Nazi organization so that they could be mentally trained in Nazi ideologies. The youth had
    to serve in the youth organization of the Nazi party.
  5. The Nazi used the media and language with great care and to great effect. They used films,
    radio, banners, posters and rituals to propagate hatred against the Jews. Moreover, the
    long tradition of stereotyping the Jews helped the Nazis in increasing a feeling of hatred
    against the Jews.
  6. (a) Racial State: Once in power, the Nazis quickly began to implement their dream of
    creating an exclusive racial community of pure Germans by physically eliminating
    all those who were seen as ‘undesirable’ in the extended empire. Nazis only wanted a
    society of ‘pure and healthy Nordic Aryans’. They alone were considered ‘desirable’.
    (b) Propaganda: The Nazi regime used language and media with care and often to great
    effect. They used films, pictures, radio, posters, etc. to spread hatred for the Jews.
    Propaganda is a specific type of message directly aimed at influencing the opinion of
    people through the use of posters, films, speeches etc.
    (c) Jung Volk: These were Nazi youth groups for children below 14 years of age. Youth
    organisations were made responsible for educating German youth in ‘the spirit of
    National Socialism’. Ten-year-olds had to enter Jung Volk. At 14, all boys had to join
    the Nazi youth organisation.
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